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Children with a different mother tongue in preschool education
LYKEŠOVÁ, Erika
The aim of the thesis is to describe the adaptation of children with a different mother tongue to preschool education. Under the term children with OMJ, children from Ukraine who began to enter the Czech education system during the year 2022 due to the war conflict are specifically chosen for the diploma thesis. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters, which contain the theoretical basis for the subject matter and are significantly connected with the practical part of the diploma thesis. The content is a definition of the basic concepts of the issue of children with a different mother tongue and characterization of typical developmental aspects in preschool education. Among other things, the theoretical part includes possibilities for support during education and methods of communication, which are suitable to use during language adaptation and development. The practical part deals with qualitative research on the issues defined above. The first part of the qualitative research involves semi-structured interviews with teachers of selected kindergartens in České Budějovice. The second part of the research is participant observation, which took place in one of the private kindergartens also in České Budějovice. The benefit of the thesis can be inspirational for kindergarten teachers who participate in the education of children with a different mother tongue, specifically children from Ukraine. The conclusion of the diploma thesis summarizes the issue of children with a different mother tongue and their adaptation in preschool.
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Communication of Preschool Children - the Analysis of Communication Functions and Expressions
Nováková, Barbora ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Janečka, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with communication of preschool children, in particular with analysis of communication functions of utterance. The aim of the research is to find out which types of communication functions preschool children mainly use. The theoretical part describes communication skills, language levels or ontogenesis of speech development. However, the key is to introduce the issue of each type of the communication utterance functions. The practical part is focused on the analysis of six audio recordings which have 30 minutes each. Within the recording with a voice recorder, dialogues among three research subjects were recorded. The dialogues were later on transcribed through the CHAT transcription method. Afterwards, types of the communication utterance functions were determined. The results of the qualitative research found out that the subjects primarily used the assertive, permissive or concessive functions (furthermore interrogative, directive, expressive and satisfactory function). All of these communication functions of utterance were stated directly. KEYWORDS communication competence, children's speech, communication function of utterance, preschool child, acquisition of the Czech language, dialogue
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Elementary school pupilsś preparation for the secondary school enterance examination
Švarcová, Michaela ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Pišlová, Simona (referee)
In this thesis we have tried to analyse 35 different tests, which make our entrance examination specimen sets for Year 5, 7 and 9. Some schools use the services of the 'Scio' company thus these tasks represent 52 written examinations from the subject of Czech language and literature. According to our findings the main emphasis of the tests is put on the lingual parts of the curriculum, especially on orthography. The applicants distinguish the sentences, in which there are (or are not) orthographic errors. They proof to have managed the lexical, morphological and syntactic orthography in simple and complex sentences well, primarily by correction and doing filling-in exercises. Apart from that, the tasks where the applicants have to work with text are used very often. They primarily decide whether the information given results from the particular passage, they examine the verity of the submitted statements about an article, etc. From the linguistic curriculum, the word class and the sentence constituents occur abundantly. Very often the applicant's competence regarding grammatically correct word forms are being tested - the pupils might create or recognize them or complete a part of the text. In many tests, we can find tasks in which the applicants search for synonyms (or antonyms) of Czech originated or...
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Communication competencies of cochlear implant users and their school classification
Doležalová, Kateřina ; Hádková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kotvová, Miroslava (referee)
The thesis "Communication Competence of Cochlear Implant Users and Their School Placement" deals with cochlear implants problematic and communication competence of preschool aged children with cochlear implants. The thesis focuses on communication skills and school placement of children with cochlear implants. The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part deals with the application of cochlear implant and the rehabilitation process before and after intervention. It further focuses on the communication competence and the education of implant users. The empirical part includes ten specific cases of children with cochlear implants. Apply one's mind to their language abilities such as vocabulary, understanding and grammar. The empirical part shows that cochlear implant is beneficial to the language abilities. The large part of the studied children became equal to their intact contemporaries. KEYWORDS cochlear implant, communication competence, preschool age, school placement, education, hearing impairment
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Face-preserving Strategies in Interpreting
Richterová, Hana ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Vavroušová, Petra (referee)
The present thesis applies the sociolinguistic concepts of politeness and face on interpreting theory and practice. Interpreting is, in its essence, highly face-threatening, which is reflected in codes of ethics adopted by interpreting vocational associations. Having insight into two cultures, interpreters can use their communication competence to preserve the face of their recipients or the speaker. For the Western society, it is natural to protect one's own face in communication; however, such efforts can collide with the endeavour to convey the message faithfully and precisely. The thesis therefore studies the strategies that interpreters apply in face-threatening situations and presents examples of what interpreters do to save face, including such events when face- preserving outweighs conveying the message. There is also a discrepancy between the conventional role of a neutral or passive interpreter as a message conduit and the role of interpreters as active communication participants who take the initiative. By analysing interviews and an online survey, the study demonstrates that many interpreters believe that their role is an active one and their impact on the output of interpreted interactions is significant. Keywords: face, politeness, interpreting, face-preserving strategies,...
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Comparative analysis of language and communication skills in written communiqué by students from the 4th year of high school. Language level based assessment of stylistic writings
Holubová, Petra ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee) ; Štěpáník, Stanislav (referee)
This rigorous paper deals with analysis of language and communication competence in written messages created in 2014. The analyzed sample comes from students attending grammar school, grammar school for 11-19 year old students, secondary technical school and secondary vocational school extension study. The theoretical part defines the communication and language competences, as well as the principles of their acquiring in the structure of communicative strategies during secondary education. This paper's further aim is to deal with the writing part of the leaving examination criteria and assessment. The second part introduces comparative analysis of authentic texts aimed at the level of those two competences mentioned above and at objectivity of the writing assessments made by teachers at particular schools. Samples of analysed texts, specialized literature quotations, diagrams, charts and an appendix are part of this work. The certificate from the Czech language writing evaluator and a point scale for writing assessments are enclosed, too. Key words Communication competence Language competence Communication education State leaving exam Written message Stylistic writing assessment
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Evolution of Communication Activities for Pupils in Grades 1-3 at primary school
Babušová, Gabriela ; Hájková, Eva (advisor) ; Höflerová, Eva (referee) ; Šindelářová, Jaromíra (referee)
TITLE: The Evolution of Communication Activities for Pupils in Grades 1-3 at primary school AUTHOR: Mgr. Gabriela Babušová DEPARTMENT: Department of Czech Language, Pedagogical Faculty of Charles University in Prague SUPERVISOR: doc. PhDr. Eva Hájková, CSc. ABSTRACT: The thesis titled "The Evolution of communication activities for pupils in grades 1-3 at primary school" based on the existing knowledge on the topic present their own knowledge through research, which focuses on the area of communication education, the development of communication activities in the educational process, and the education of Czech and Vietnamese pupils in the educational area of the language and the language of communication. In the theoretical part of the thesis systematize the existing knowledge relating to the topic and consider them starting points for the development. The main objective of the work, based on the empirical investigation, is to create and present an evolution of communication activities for pupils of younger school age during their first training period with regard to the education of pupils from the Vietnamese ethnicity. The research topic is further divided into intermediate objectives, to whose fulfillment the work is going. The practical part is focused on the description of the project research, research...
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Elementary school pupilsś preparation for the secondary school enterance examination
Švarcová, Michaela ; Šmejkalová, Martina (advisor) ; Pišlová, Simona (referee)
In this thesis we have tried to analyse 35 different tests, which make our entrance examination specimen sets for Year 5, 7 and 9. Some schools use the services of the 'Scio' company thus these tasks represent 52 written examinations from the subject of Czech language and literature. According to our findings the main emphasis of the tests is put on the lingual parts of the curriculum, especially on orthography. The applicants distinguish the sentences, in which there are (or are not) orthographic errors. They proof to have managed the lexical, morphological and syntactic orthography in simple and complex sentences well, primarily by correction and doing filling-in exercises. Apart from that, the tasks where the applicants have to work with text are used very often. They primarily decide whether the information given results from the particular passage, they examine the verity of the submitted statements about an article, etc. From the linguistic curriculum, the word class and the sentence constituents occur abundantly. Very often the applicant's competence regarding grammatically correct word forms are being tested - the pupils might create or recognize them or complete a part of the text. In many tests, we can find tasks in which the applicants search for synonyms (or antonyms) of Czech originated or...
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